International Polar Year (IPY) will see thousands of scientists, from more than 60 nations, working together on 220 projects at high latitudes.
Scientists hope to improve their understanding of how changes to the polar regions affect the planet.
IPY will be officially launched in Paris on 1 March. IPY actually runs for two years in order to allow equal coverage of both the Arctic and the Antarctic. It is organised by the International Council for Science (ICSU) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).
There are six major research themes within the programme:
- determine the current environmental status of the polar regions
- quantify past and present environmental and social changes, and improve future projections
- understand links between the poles and the rest of the planet
- investigate the frontiers of science in the regions
- use the polar areas to develop and enhance observation of the Earth's interior and of space
- explore the cultural, historical and social aspects of circumpolar human communities